Scientific Program

Conference Series Ltd invites all the participants across the globe to attend 2nd International Conference on Medical Physics and Biophysics Barcelona, Spain.

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Scientific Program Day 1
Scientific Program Day 2

Day 2 :

Keynote Forum

Peter Ertl

Vienna University of Technology, Austria

Keynote: Monitoring onset of bone healing kinetics and early transplant rejection using implantable titanium dioxide-coated bioimpedance sensors
Conference Series Medical Physics 2016 International Conference Keynote Speaker Peter Ertl photo
Biography:

Peter Ertl holds an Engineering degree in Biotechnology (BOKU, Austria), a PhD in Chemistry (Univ. Waterloo, Canada) and has received his Post-doctoral Training as a Biophysicist from University of California at Berkeley (US). In 2003, he co-founded a biotech start-up company where he served for many years as Director of Product Development in Kitchener-Waterloo (CAD) developing bench-top sized cell analyzers. In 2005, he started working as a Senior Scientist in the BioSensor Technology Unit at the AIT Austrian Institute of Technology. In 2016, he was appointed as the Professor for Lab-on-a-Chip Systems for Bioscience Technologies at Vienna University of Technology, where his research focuses on the development of Organs-on-a-chip and Chips-in-organ systems for Biomedical Research.

Abstract:

In Western societies, the steady increase in human life expectancy is posing a significant socioeconomic challenge to maintain existing medical therapy standards and health care solutions for senior patients. It is also well known that elderly patients exhibit a significantly higher risk of complications following surgery. To prevent postoperative and long-term medical complications, an important strategy of medical traumatology involves repeated follow-up examinations using a variety of in vivo imaging technologies and in vitro assessment methods of biopsies. To improve early diagnosis of failed implant integration and tissue rejection, we have developed two implantable titanium dioxide-coated bio-impedance sensors to enable personalized therapeutic interventions during impaired bone healing and organ transplant rejection. In the case of endosseous implants, which are routinely applied in tissue reconstruction after long bone, spine and craniomaxillofacial injuries, the development of a prognostic non-invasive imaging technology capable of monitoring dynamic bone formation in situ is expected to deepen our understanding of osseous integration at the implant-tissue bio-interface. Results of our study revealed distinct differences between granulation and soft tissue formation within two weeks after implantation, thus allowing the accurate assessment of bone healing prior the formation of a cortical bone layer in subcritical defects of rabbit calvaria. Every transplanted tissue and solid organ bears the risk of rejection, which can finally result in the loss of the transplant with falling back into disability or even death. Tissue biopsies are used today to detect and monitor tissue or solid organ rejection episodes. Detection of early stages of rejection and continuous monitoring can therefore prevent severe organ impairment or even loss of function. To overcome limitations of the state of the art rejection monitoring methods, we have developed titanium-dioxide coated implantable biosensors for transplant rejection monitoring.

Keynote Forum

Baki karaboce

National Metrology Institute of Turkey, Turkey

Keynote: Metrological approach in medical measurements
Conference Series Medical Physics 2016 International Conference Keynote Speaker Baki karaboce photo
Biography:

Baki Karaböce has completed his PhD at Yeditepe Univertsity in Ä°stanbul in 2014. He is the Head of Medical Metrology Laboratory and Head of Medical Metrology Focus Group at National Metrology Institute of Turkey. He is a member of EURAMET-European Association of National Metrology Institutes, Task Group Health and Ultrasound subcommittee. He has published more than 30 papers in journals and has been serving as steering committee member of IEEE MeMeA-Medical Measurements and Applications Symposium.

Abstract:

Test, measurement and calibration of medical equipment is becoming increasingly significant, when accuracy in diagnosis and effectiveness in treatment are required. Calibration and testing of medical devices are one of the most important and critical issue in metrology field. Metrology link is not well established for measurements in medical field; however, metrological traceability has been well established for measurements in technical and military field. For the medical device industry and applications in health sector, nothing counts more than the safety of a patient. Therefore, all hospitals and medical equipment manufacturers have to perform periodic testing and calibration of equipment, as a quality control regime that guarantees the reliability of medical devices. A feasibility study has been carried out and a report was published last year at TÜBÄ°TAK UME (Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey, National Metrology Institute) in order to outline the current situation in the country and in the world. A roadmap was prepared for providing reliability and metrological traceability in medical measurements. Medical metrology research laboratory has been established and a number of medical device design projects were initiated.

  • BioMedical Device Engineering | Biomaterials and Artificial organs | Biomedical Engineering and Cancer | Clinical Physics and Patient Safety | Radiology

Session Introduction

Susan B.Klein

Indiana University Bloomington, USA

Title: Radiation therapy in a world of alternative treatments
Biography:

Susan B Klein completed her PhD in Biophysics at University of California (Berkeley) in 1986. She completed her Post-doctoral training at University of Michigan in Biophysics and Radiation Oncology. After several years of bioengineering, she joined Indiana University Cyclotron Facility in 1990 where she examined proton radiation biology and began practicing medical physics. She is one of the seven intellectual property holders of the design, fabrication and operation of Midwest Proton Radiotherapy Institute. She is currently an Associate Director at Indiana University-Purdue University.

Abstract:

Precision medicine, immunotherapy, angiogenesis inhibitors, ablation therapy and targeted therapy have gained considerable attention in the popular press, scientific literature and funding agencies. The volume and mass of media attention would lead one to believe that radiation therapy has been cast out of medical favor. Nonetheless, two-thirds to one-half of all cancer patients are currently treated with radiation, depending on the source of the statistic. Two mandates are driving advances in cancer therapy. The first is a point by point response to therapeutic failure; an effort to improve the efficacy of the therapy. The second strives to improve the selectivity of the targeted insult–medical physicists refer to this as minimizing the integral dose to healthy tissue. Notwithstanding the discovery of a silver bullet- a treatment that successfully cures all cancers, an examination of the advances in cancer therapy options with an eye toward target selectivity is valuable for a multidisciplinary approach to disease intervention..

Myoung-Ryul ok

Korea Institute of Science & Technology, S. korea

Title: Device-free generation of hydrogen peroxide for promoting angiogenesis by coupling Mg and Ti alloy
Biography:

Myoung-Ryul Ok has completed his PhD in 2013 from University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (Materials Science) for his works covering softlithographic nano/ micro patterning and solar energy harvesting. Since 2014, he has been investigating biomaterials and new biomedical devices at the Korea Institute of Science & Technology (KIST) as a Senior Research Scientist. He is pursuing new biomedical technologies by incorporating different fields, e.g. nanomaterials, energy systems, biodedical engineering, etc.

Abstract:

It is well known that appropriate level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can promote angiogenesis in biological systems. Although the application of ROS has been extensively studied in vitro and in vivo to stimulate the new vessel formation, those systems employ external stimuli such as light or electrical energy to produce ROS via photocatalytic or electrochemical reactions, which limits their clinical applications. Here, two different types of biocompatible metals were used to construct a novel device-free electrochemical system that can spontaneously generate H2O2 without any external light or electric current. The corrosion of Mg generates electrons which can be transferred to oxidized Ti in an energetically favorable process, and consumed for the generation of H2O2 in an oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Combined spectroscopic and electrochemical analyses revealed the occurrence of ORR at the surface of titanium, the main materials of the conventional medical implants. The controlled generation of H2O2 noticeably enhanced in vitro angiogenesis even in the absence of growth factors. A prototype titanium-magnesium implant was suggested, and its potential for promoting in vitro angiogenesis was demonstrated.

Aseel Al Jaboori

Leeds university, UK

Title: Tissue engineering solutions to enhance osseointegration process of the dental implants
Biography:

Aseel Al-Jaboori has completed her MSc in Prosthetic Dentistry from the University of Baghdad, School of Dentistry. She is currently a PhD student at the University of Leeds School of Dentistry, UK..

Abstract:

Implants are often modified by coating with calcium phosphate materials like fluorapatite to enhance bone anchorage to the implants (osseointegration). Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) also used in implant applications as it contains high concentrations of growth factors essential for rapid wound healing. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of FA coatings and PRP combination on osteoblast cell adhesion, growth and proliferation. Stainless steel discs were coated with FA crystals using a hydrothermal method. The coatings were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS). PRP was obtained from blood donors. Cell attachment and growth of G292 osteosarcoma cell line on FA coated discs +/- PRP gel or its extract (PRP relesate) were investigated using SEM/confocal microscope and DNA content quantification at 1, 3 and 7 days. At the microscopic level, FA crystals showed two different growth patterns on the stainless steel discs; disorganised on upper disc surfaces and organised on under surfaces. No significant difference was found between the chemical compositions of the two coatings. Both FA coatings supported the initial adhesion and attachment of the cells. However, organised coatings promoted a greater cellular proliferation compared to the disorganized coatings (P<0.05). PRP gel enhanced significant cell growth on both surfaces (P<0.001). Furthermore, adding PRP relesate to the cell culture induced a significant increase in DNA content compared to the control (P<0.05). In conclusion, this study suggests that PRP can enhance the biocompatibility of FA coated implants.

 

Abdoul Karim Mamadou Saidou

Hassan I University , Morocco

Title: Analysis of dosimetric properties of alanine/epr system for low dose radiations used in radiotherapy
Biography:

A Mamadou Saidou has completed his Master’s degree from Hassan I University in Morocco and he is currently enrolled in PhD program in the same university. His research field is “Medical physics particularly spectroscopy and dosimetry applied in the field of radiotherapy”.

Abstract:

The use of radiation beams in radiotherapy requires effective dosimetry to protect the patient from potential dangerous effects
of irradiation. In vivo dosimetry allows the control and precise evaluation of attributed dose during radiotherapy treatment by
using accurate dosimeter. Some previous studies have revealed that the alanine/EPR system has interesting dosimetric properties. In this study, we have analyzed the dosimetric properties of alanine irradiated by 6 MeV electron beams which is usually used for radiotherapy treatment. Irradiation doses undertaking vary from 0-20 Gy. EPR measurements show that the rate of produced free radicals is proportional to the absorbed dose, whereas the minimal detectable dose is 1 Gy. A small quantity of alanine is efficient to elaborate pellets for dosimetric purpose. Furthermore, the free radicals created after irradiations are stable during the period of storage.

Zehavit Eizig

Bar Ilan University, Israel

Title: Analysis of the Spectroscopic Aspects of the Cationic Dye Basic Orange 21 in bulk, and particularly in leukocytes
Biography:

Zehavit Eizig received her B.Sc in Biomedical Engineering in 2007 from Lev Academic Center, Jerusalem College of Technology (JCT), Israel. She received her M.Sc at the Biophysical Schottenstein Center, Bar-Ilan University, Physics Department and is currently in the final stages of completing studies for her Ph.D. degree.

Abstract:

The ability to differentiate between leukocyte types by fluorescence properties of the cationic dye Basic Orange 21 (BO21) were tested. The fluorescence properties of BO21 in solutions, in solids and within leukocytes were examined. The quantum yield of BO21 was found to be less than 0.2% with extremely high fluorescence polarization . A thorough analytical and experimental investigation of these phenomena indicated that the very short lifetime of BO21 in water  is the most probable reason for the high fluorescence polarization of BO21 in water. However, upon addition of heparin, a large anionic molecule within basophil cells, to aqua BO21, the fluorescence polarization dramatically dropped  and fluorescence lifetime lengthened. The low quantum yield increased up to 70 times by altering viscosity of the host glycerol in a controlled manner, hence supporting the perception that BO21 is a molecular rotor – a finding which is suggested for the first time and was assessed by a time-dependent DFT.The fluorescence properties of BO21 in the RBL, the Molt-4 and the U937 cell lines, which are established from leukocyte populations of basophils, T-lymphoblast and monocytes, respectively, were investigated at single-cell resolution. In RBL, BO21 exhibits a red shift of the absorption spectra from 485nm to 550nm, while in the Molt-4 and U937 absorption is not observed. However, a green fluorescence (excitation at 480nm) is observed in all three cell types, while a red fluorescence (excitation at 550nm) is obsereved mainly in basophils. From the differences in the absorption and fluorescence properties of BO21 in the three leukocyte types, a SVM (support vector machine) classifier was created, which produced a high success rate.

A.ZEGHARI

Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco

Title: Monte Carlo study of photon dose distributions produced by saturne 43 linear accelerator
Biography:

A.ZEGHARI has folowed his PhD study at the therty years at the Faculty of Science Rabat/University Med 5 Rabat.. He has participated in many international conference and workshop

Abstract:

BEAMnrc is a Monte Carlo (MC) code for simulation of photon and electron transport in the radiotherapy field. The purpose of this paper was to develop a technique to derive best estimates for the energy and intensity distribution of the incident electron beam by comparing calculated and measured values for the linear accelerator (linac) Saturne 43 machine. We varied the initial electron energy and full width half maximum (FWHM) of the radius of the electron beam incident on the tungsten target to find the percentage depth dose(PDD), dose profile(DP) curves, the tissue-phantom ratio TPR20/10, the energy fluence distribution and angular distribution for a square field size 10×10 cm2. It is found that our results were quantitatively in good agreement with experimental PDD and lateral profile at 10 cm depth.  The TPR20/10 was agreed well with the literature publisher works. Furthermore, we could reduce the discrepancy between measured and calculated data photon dose distributions to 1.5%/1mm in the gamma index method for the energy 11.8 MeV and FWHM= 0.17 cm. MC simulation of the treatment head of the Saturne 43 machine was successfully done changing the initial properties of electron source in the MC BEAMnrc code.

Moein Zarei

Islamic Azad University, Iran

Title: Manufacturing and characterization of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)/ multiwalled carbon nanotubes nanocomposite scaffold for tissue engineering application
Biography:

Moein Zarei has completed his BS degree in Material Engineering and MS degree in Tissue Engineering from Islamic Azad University, Iran. He has published one paper in a reputed journal and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of repute.

Abstract:

In this study, regarding the importance of optimal design and unique role of a scaffold in tissue regeneration and repair, a series of poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB)/multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) nanocomposite scaffolds with five different samples concentrations of CNTs (0%, 0.5%, 0.75%, 1.0%, and 1.25% w/v) was prepared by electrospinning for tissue engineering applications. Morphological evaluation of scaffolds by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that, the addition of CNTs increased the average fiber diameter; for instance, from 210 nm (neat PHB) to 500 nm at 1.0% CNTs. To determine the physico-chemical properties of scaffolds, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used and it showed the presence of CNTs into fibers. The analysis of mechanical properties of the PHB/CNTs composites by using universal testing machine (UTM) revealed great improvement over pure PHB scaffold, so that the tensile strength in presence of only 0.5% CNTs was 5.15 MPa from 2 MPa. The bioactivity of scaffolds were analyzed by placing them in simulated body fluid (SBF) environment and the absorption level of Ca2+ in the SBF solution showed that CNTs increase the bioactivity of scaffolds. The wettability of the scaffolds was evaluated with a conventional sessile drop method. The results of the contact angles of scaffolds surface showed that CNTs treatment increases the surface wettability. The attachment ability and viability of osteosarcoma cell lines MG-63 in the presence of the scaffolds were also investigated. The attachment and proliferation of MG-63 were significantly increased in the PHB/CNTs scaffolds compared
with the PHB control. Therefore, the PHB/CNTs composite scaffolds fabricated by electrospinning may be potentially useful in tissue engineering applications .

Azadeh Ghouchani

Amirkabir University of Technology, Iran

Title: Voxel-based finite element model of a reconstructed bone: simulating a bone tumor surgery
Biography:

Azadeh Ghouchani has received her MSc from Amirkabir University of Technology (AUT) and is now a PhD candidate in the Department of Biomedical Engineering at AUT. She has published more than 10 papers in reputed journals and conferences on Finite Element methods.

Abstract:

Finite element (FE) modeling is used to simulate the surgery procedure of a bone tumor. Accurate geometry of bone and material properties assigned are very important in FE modeling. Material properties of bone are very complex. Hence, a sophisticated method to address bones material heterogeneity is necessary. Voxel-based finite element method using quantitative CT (QCT) and Simpleware is presented. A cavity in the distal part of a femur allograft was created and filled with cement to simulate the surgery, and QCT scanned was taken. A calibration phantom with five tubes having known densities was also used during the scan. The DICOM images were imported in Simpleware software to segment the bone from the surrounding and the 3D model of reconstructed bone was created. Homogenous material property was assigned for cement as there was no variation in its properties. Heterogeneous material mapping procedure was chosen for bone due to the great variation of its properties. In greyscale based material properties mapping, the average Hounsfield unit (HU) within each of the calibration tubes was calculated and a linear curve was fitted to the points corresponding to HU and density values. The equation of this curve was used to convert the greyscales to bone mineral density. The FE models were generated by conversion of each voxel into an 8-node brick element. Using experimental equations, the young modules of the elements were also calculated according to their densities. The model described, can be used to predict the outcome of tumor surgery, and predict the risk of postoperative fracture.